Industrial fuel oil serves a vital purpose in many sectors of our economy. This refined petroleum product is commonly used to create power for industrial processes, covering from manufacturing and construction to agriculture and energy production. The attributes of industrial fuel oil make it a efficient choice for these demanding applications. It

Sputtering is a vital technique utilized in the fabrication of advanced thin films. Titanium (Ti) sputtering, namely, has emerged as a preferred method due to its ability to deposit high-quality Ti thin films with controlled thickness and composition. The process involves bombarding a Ti target with energetic ions, dislodging atoms that then deposi